{"id":29237,"date":"2011-02-14T11:24:00","date_gmt":"2011-02-14T11:24:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-25T09:54:22","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T09:54:22","slug":"sistemul-bancar-in-marea-britanie-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/14\/sistemul-bancar-in-marea-britanie-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Sistemul bancar \u00een Marea Britanie."},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>
\nCel mai important intermediar financiar este Banca Angliei, care a fost na\u0163ionalizat\u0103 \u00een 1946, prin transferul capitalului social c\u0103tre tezaur. Banca Angliei este condus\u0103 de un consiliu de administra\u0163ie alc\u0103tuit\u0103 din 18 membri desemna\u0163i de coroan\u0103.<\/span><\/div>\n
\nFunc\u0163iile B\u0103ncii Angliei sunt complexe:<\/span><\/div>\n
\n–                                              <\/span><\/span>Aplic\u0103 acordurile monetare cu F.M.I. \u015fi cu Banca Mondial\u0103, func\u0163ie care se execut\u0103 ca agent al Guvernului<\/span><\/div>\n
\n–                                              <\/span><\/span>Func\u0163ia de a emite bilete de banc\u0103 \u015fi de a retrage pe cele uzate<\/span><\/div>\n
\n–                                              <\/span><\/span>Furnizeaz\u0103 guvernului fondurile necesare<\/span><\/div>\n
\n–                                              <\/span><\/span>\u0162ine contul general al statului \u015fi de\u0163ine toate fondurile publice<\/span><\/div>\n
\n–                                              <\/span><\/span>P\u0103streaz\u0103 rezervele b\u0103ncilor comerciale \u015fi joac\u0103 rolul de \u00eemprumut\u0103tor de ultim\u0103 instan\u0163\u0103 al acestora<\/span><\/div>\n
\n–                                              <\/span><\/span>Intervine \u00een politica de credit \u015fi de regularizare a masei monetare<\/span><\/div>\n
\n–                                              <\/span><\/span>Particip\u0103 la sus\u0163inerea industriei britanice.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u2022 Fondul de egalizare a schimburilor este un serviciu al B\u0103ncii Angliei care gestioneaz\u0103 pentru Tezaur rezervele publice de aur \u015fi de divizie<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u2022 \u00cen calitate de bancher al Tezaurului B\u0103ncii Angliei gestioneaz\u0103 datoria public\u0103 \u015fi asigur\u0103 serviciile de casierie.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n <\/span>Organizarea sistemului bancar <\/span><\/div>\n
\nBanca Angliei emite acte de recunoa\u015ftere a b\u0103ncilor care primesc depozite \u015fi autoriza\u0163ii pentru alte institu\u0163ii care colecteaz\u0103 depozite.<\/span><\/div>\n
\nO tr\u0103s\u0103tur\u0103 specific\u0103 a sistemului bancar britanic este extrema concentrare care a generat riscul pozi\u0163iei de monopol B\u0103ncilor Comerciale (Commercial Banks, joint stock bancks).<\/span><\/div>\n
\nAproape toate opera\u0163iunile bancare din Anglia \u015fi \u0162ara Galilor este concentrat\u0103 \u00een \u015fase b\u0103nci, dintre care cele mai importante sunt: Barclay, National Westminster, Midland \u015fi Lloyds.<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nParticularitate \u00een compara\u0163ie cu alte state prezint\u0103 rela\u0163iile acestor b\u0103nci cu micii solicitan\u0163i de credite pentru c\u0103 aceste rela\u0163ii nu se stabilesc nemijlocit, ci prin intermediar.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n– Casele de scont<\/span><\/div>\n
\nAc\u0163ioneaz\u0103 \u00een pia\u0163a scontului prin agen\u0163ii denumite bill brokers.<\/span><\/div>\n
\nAce\u015ftia sunt intermediari pe termen scurt \u00eentre b\u0103nci \u015fi comercian\u0163i, \u00eentre institu\u0163iile bancare, \u00eentre b\u0103nci \u015fi banca Angliei, precum \u015fi \u00eentre Tezaur \u015fi sistemul bancar. Fenomenul concentr\u0103rii s-a manifestat \u015fi \u00een acest sector, unde din 20 de case de scont, primele 10, cele mai importante denumite discount houres sunt societ\u0103\u0163i pe ac\u0163iuni \u015fi alc\u0103tuiesc London Market Association <\/span><\/div>\n
\n– Institu\u0163iile bancare denumite merchant banks<\/span><\/div>\n
\nSunt alc\u0103tuite din case de acceptare \u015fi case de emisiune.<\/span><\/div>\n
\nCasele de acceptare sunt conduse de un comitet alc\u0103tuit din 16 membri printre care cei mai cunoscu\u0163i sunt: Baring, Samuel, Rothschild, Lazard, \u015f.a.m.d.<\/span><\/div>\n
\nCasele de emisiune sunt grupate \u00eentr-o asocia\u0163ie cu 52 de membri \u00eentre care \u015fi cele 16 case de acceptare. Opera\u0163iunile efectuate de merchant banks sunt foarte diverse, dar principala orientare a activit\u0103\u0163ii acestor b\u0103nci este spre comer\u0163ul interna\u0163ional \u015fi de aceea ele de\u0163in agen\u0163ii \u00een toate marile ora\u015fe ale lumii. <\/span><\/div>\n
\n– B\u0103ncile britanice de peste m\u0103ri (British Overseas Banks)<\/span><\/div>\n
\nAu \u00een realitate sediul la Londra, dar opereaz\u0103 \u00een alte \u0163\u0103ri prin peste 5000 de agen\u0163ii<\/span><\/div>\n
\n– B\u0103ncile str\u0103ine \u00een num\u0103r de peste 400, care sunt instalate la Londra, apar\u0163in unor societ\u0103\u0163i bancare din peste 60 de \u0163\u0103ri<\/span><\/div>\n
\n– Institu\u0163iile de credit pe termen lung cunosc \u015fi ele o mare diversitate: societ\u0103\u0163i private, companii de asigur\u0103ri, fondurile de pensii \u015fi unele corpora\u0163ii care finan\u0163eaz\u0103 industria, agricultura \u015fi alte arierate spre diferite sectoare economice, construc\u0163ii navale \u015fi export<\/span><\/div>\n
\n– Casele de economii, \u00een num\u0103r de 16, sunt private (trustee savings banks), dar exist\u0103 \u015fi Casa Na\u0163ional\u0103 de Economii (National Savings Banks), creat\u0103 \u00een 1861, este cea mai important\u0103 din lume.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00cen concluzie, putem s\u0103 spunem c\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul mileniului doi banca nu mai \u00eenseamn\u0103 ceea ce a \u00eensemnat acum 30 de ani.<\/span><\/div>\n
\nB\u0103ncile pierd din monopolul lor asupra colect\u0103rii de depozite \u015fi acord\u0103ri de credite, dar \u00een acela\u015fi timp se orienteaz\u0103 c\u0103tre alte sfere de activitate. Apare conceptul de \u201ebank assurance\u201d , b\u0103ncile orient\u00e2ndu-se spre sfera asigur\u0103rilor.<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cel mai important intermediar financiar este Banca Angliei, care a fost na\u0163ionalizat\u0103 \u00een 1946, prin transferul capitalului social c\u0103tre tezaur. Banca Angliei este condus\u0103 de un consiliu de administra\u0163ie alc\u0103tuit\u0103 din 18 membri desemna\u0163i de coroan\u0103. Func\u0163iile B\u0103ncii Angliei sunt complexe: –                                              Aplic\u0103 acordurile monetare cu F.M.I. \u015fi cu Banca Mondial\u0103, func\u0163ie care se execut\u0103 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nSistemul bancar \u00een Marea Britanie. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/14\/sistemul-bancar-in-marea-britanie-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sistemul bancar \u00een Marea Britanie. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cel mai important intermediar financiar este Banca Angliei, care a fost na\u0163ionalizat\u0103 \u00een 1946, prin transferul capitalului social c\u0103tre tezaur. Banca Angliei este condus\u0103 de un consiliu de administra\u0163ie alc\u0103tuit\u0103 din 18 membri desemna\u0163i de coroan\u0103. 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