{"id":29177,"date":"2011-02-15T12:57:00","date_gmt":"2011-02-15T12:57:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-25T09:54:05","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T09:54:05","slug":"zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Zona Interna\u0163ional\u0103 a teritoriilor Submarine."},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>
\nDescoperirea pe fundul m\u0103rilor \u015fi oceanelor, \u00een zona m\u0103rii libere, dincolo de limita exterioar\u0103 a platoului continental, a unor importante z\u0103c\u0103minte care \u00een condi\u0163iile dezvolt\u0103rii spectaculoase a tehnicii contemporane ar putea deveni \u00een scurt timp exploatabile a adus \u00een prim planul preocup\u0103rilor  statelor lumii, \u00een special a celor cu o dezvoltare tehnologic\u0103 mai pu\u0163in avansat\u0103, necesitatea stabilirii unor reguli de drept interna\u0163ional privind exploatarea acestei zone, astfel ca ea s\u0103 nu se fac\u0103 \u00een beneficiul exclusiv al statelor dezvoltate, ci \u00een folosul tuturor statelor lumii.<\/div>\n
\n            Mai multe rezolu\u0163ii ale Adun\u0103rii generale a O.N.U., \u00eencep\u00e2nd cu deceniul al \u015faptelea, au instituit un moratoriu asupra exploat\u0103rii fundului m\u0103rilor \u015fi oceanelor, \u00een a\u015fteptarea convenirii unui regim interna\u0163ional \u015fi au stabilit unele principii privind exploatarea acestei zone, declarat\u0103 ca patrimoniu comun al umanit\u0103\u0163ii.<\/div>\n
\n            Conven\u0163ia din 1982 asupra dreptului m\u0103rii a stabilit regimul zonei care constituie patrimoniul comun al umanit\u0103\u0163ii, \u00een sensul c\u0103 \u00een aceast\u0103 zon\u0103 explorarea \u015fi exploatarea resurselor sale trebuie s\u0103 se fac\u0103 cu participarea \u015fi \u00een beneficiul tuturor statelor \u015fi popoarelor.<\/div>\n
\n            \u00centruc\u00e2t conven\u0163ia stabilea principii care exprimau \u00eendeosebi punctul de vedere al; \u0163\u0103rilor \u00een curs de dezvoltare, unele state dezvoltate nu au semnat sau au am\u00e2nat ratificarea acesteia, astfel c\u0103 \u00een 1994 s-a \u00eencheiat un Acord privind aplicarea p\u0103r\u0163ii a XI-a a Conven\u0163iei din 1982, men\u0163ion\u00e2ndu-se c\u0103 ambele instrumente juridice trebuie s\u0103 fie interpretate \u015fi aplicate \u00eempreun\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd este vorba de regimul zonei patrimoniului comun al umanit\u0103\u0163ii.<\/div>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\n            Potrivit Conven\u0163iei, nici un stat nu poate s\u0103 revendice sau s\u0103 exercite suveranitatea sau drepturi suverane asupra vreunei p\u0103r\u0163i a zonei sau asupra resurselor sale, dup\u0103 cum nici un stat \u015fi nici o  persoan\u0103 fizic\u0103 sau juridic\u0103 nu poate s\u0103-\u015fi \u00eensu\u015feasc\u0103 vreo parte a zonei sau a resurselor sale.<\/div>\n
\n            Resursele zonei sunt inalienabile, drepturile asupra acestora apar\u0163in\u00e2nd \u00eentregii omeniri. Zona trebuie s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 deschis\u0103 utiliz\u0103rii pa\u015fnice de c\u0103tre toate statele, f\u0103r\u0103 discrimin\u0103ri, indiferent dac\u0103 acestea sunt riverane sau f\u0103r\u0103 litoral.Fiecare stat trebuie s\u0103 vegheze ca \u00eentreprinz\u0103torii, persoane fizice sau juridice care posed\u0103 cet\u0103\u0163enia sau na\u0163ionalitatea lor sau sunt controlate de acestea, s\u0103 respecte \u00eentocmai regulile stabilite pentru exploatarea resurselor zonei, fiind r\u0103spunz\u0103toare dac\u0103 nu au luat m\u0103surile necesare \u00een acest scop.<\/div>\n
\n            Pentru rezolvarea problemelor privind exploatarea zonei prin conven\u0163ie se creaz\u0103 un mecanism institu\u0163ional format din: Autoritatea interna\u0163ional\u0103 a teritoriilor submarine, o organiza\u0163ie interna\u0163ional\u0103, cu organisme corespunz\u0103toare, prin intermediul c\u0103reia statele p\u0103r\u0163i organizeaz\u0103 \u015fi controleaz\u0103 activit\u0103\u0163ile din zon\u0103 \u00een folosul \u00eentregii omeniri; \u00centreprinderea, care desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 \u00een zon\u0103 activit\u0103\u0163i de explorare \u015fi exploatare, de transport \u015fi comercializare  a resurselor extrase; Camera pentru rezolvarea diferendelor referitoare la teritoriile submarine, care cuprinde camere speciale pe categorii de diferende, ca organism jurisdic\u0163ional.<\/div>\n
\n            \u00cen zona interna\u0163ional\u0103 a teritoriilor submarine orice activitate se poate desf\u0103\u015fura numai pe baza unei autoriza\u0163ii eliberate de Autoritate pe baza unor criterii economice stabilite \u00eentr-o anex\u0103 a Conven\u0163iei \u015fi \u00een Acordul din 1994.<\/div>\n
\n            Activit\u0103\u0163ile pot fi desf\u0103\u015furate fie de c\u0103tre Intreprinderea subordonat\u0103 Autorit\u0103\u0163ii, fie de c\u0103tre statele p\u0103r\u0163i ori de persoanele fizice sau juridice apar\u0163in\u00e2nd statelor, \u00een asociere cu Autoritatea, \u015fi privesc cercetarea \u015ftiin\u0163ific\u0103, explorarea \u015fi exploatarea resurselor din zon\u0103, indiferent de natura acestora.<\/div>\n
\n            Statele p\u0103r\u0163i sunt obligate s\u0103 asigure ca activit\u0103\u0163ile din zon\u0103 s\u0103 se fac\u0103 \u00een mod eficient \u015fi cu evitarea risipei, \u00een a\u015fa fel inc\u00e2t s\u0103 se asigure  protec\u0163ia \u015fi conservarea mediului marin, precum \u015fi conform principiilor unei gestiuni comerciale s\u0103n\u0103toase, preocup\u00e2ndu-se de evolu\u0163ia armonioas\u0103 a economiei mondiale \u015fi de evitarea oric\u0103ror dezechilibre \u00een pre\u0163urile \u015fi comer\u0163ul mondial, cu luarea \u00een considerare \u00een mod special a intereselor \u0163\u0103rilor \u00een curs de dezvoltare \u015fi a \u0163\u0103rilor dezavantajate geografic.<\/div>\n
\n            De asemenea, \u00een exploatarea zonei trebuie s\u0103 se \u0163in\u0103 seama de desf\u0103\u015furarea normal\u0103 a activit\u0103\u0163ilor din marea liber\u0103 (naviga\u0163ie, pescuit etc.), de regimurile juridice ale celorlalte spa\u0163ii marine \u015fi \u00een special de interesele \u015fi drepturile statelor riverane \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu z\u0103c\u0103mintele minerale care se extind \u00een zonele aflate sub jurisdic\u0163ia na\u0163ional\u0103 a acestora sau dinspre aceste zone spre zona care formeaz\u0103 patrimoniul comun al umanit\u0103\u0163ii.<\/div>\n
<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Descoperirea pe fundul m\u0103rilor \u015fi oceanelor, \u00een zona m\u0103rii libere, dincolo de limita exterioar\u0103 a platoului continental, a unor importante z\u0103c\u0103minte care \u00een condi\u0163iile dezvolt\u0103rii spectaculoase a tehnicii contemporane ar putea deveni \u00een scurt timp exploatabile a adus \u00een prim planul preocup\u0103rilor  statelor lumii, \u00een special a celor cu o dezvoltare tehnologic\u0103 mai pu\u0163in avansat\u0103, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nZona Interna\u0163ional\u0103 a teritoriilor Submarine. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Zona Interna\u0163ional\u0103 a teritoriilor Submarine. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Descoperirea pe fundul m\u0103rilor \u015fi oceanelor, \u00een zona m\u0103rii libere, dincolo de limita exterioar\u0103 a platoului continental, a unor importante z\u0103c\u0103minte care \u00een condi\u0163iile dezvolt\u0103rii spectaculoase a tehnicii contemporane ar putea deveni \u00een scurt timp exploatabile a adus \u00een prim planul preocup\u0103rilor  statelor lumii, \u00een special a celor cu o dezvoltare tehnologic\u0103 mai pu\u0163in avansat\u0103, […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2011-02-15T12:57:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-09-25T09:54:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"eurointern\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"eurointern\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/\",\"name\":\"Zona Interna\u0163ional\u0103 a teritoriilor Submarine. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2011-02-15T12:57:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-09-25T09:54:05+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/2bf02c24278f4ce807817c8f91add34d\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Zona Interna\u0163ional\u0103 a teritoriilor Submarine.\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/\",\"name\":\"Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\",\"description\":\"Internships\/ Scholarships\/ Grants\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/2bf02c24278f4ce807817c8f91add34d\",\"name\":\"eurointern\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4ba0ee69eda3e0c9ec9a3c49a6c7a82b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4ba0ee69eda3e0c9ec9a3c49a6c7a82b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"eurointern\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/rubyskynews.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/author\/eurointern28gmail-com\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Zona Interna\u0163ional\u0103 a teritoriilor Submarine. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Zona Interna\u0163ional\u0103 a teritoriilor Submarine. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/","og_description":"Descoperirea pe fundul m\u0103rilor \u015fi oceanelor, \u00een zona m\u0103rii libere, dincolo de limita exterioar\u0103 a platoului continental, a unor importante z\u0103c\u0103minte care \u00een condi\u0163iile dezvolt\u0103rii spectaculoase a tehnicii contemporane ar putea deveni \u00een scurt timp exploatabile a adus \u00een prim planul preocup\u0103rilor  statelor lumii, \u00een special a celor cu o dezvoltare tehnologic\u0103 mai pu\u0163in avansat\u0103, […]","og_url":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/","og_site_name":"Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/","article_published_time":"2011-02-15T12:57:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2020-09-25T09:54:05+00:00","author":"eurointern","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"eurointern","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/","url":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/","name":"Zona Interna\u0163ional\u0103 a teritoriilor Submarine. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2011-02-15T12:57:00+00:00","dateModified":"2020-09-25T09:54:05+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/2bf02c24278f4ce807817c8f91add34d"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/15\/zona-internationala-teritoriilor-2\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Zona Interna\u0163ional\u0103 a teritoriilor Submarine."}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/","name":"Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/","description":"Internships\/ Scholarships\/ Grants","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/2bf02c24278f4ce807817c8f91add34d","name":"eurointern","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4ba0ee69eda3e0c9ec9a3c49a6c7a82b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4ba0ee69eda3e0c9ec9a3c49a6c7a82b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"eurointern"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/rubyskynews.com"],"url":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/author\/eurointern28gmail-com\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29177"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29177"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29177\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29177"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29177"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29177"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}