{"id":28755,"date":"2011-02-19T11:50:00","date_gmt":"2011-02-19T11:50:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-25T09:52:22","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T09:52:22","slug":"institutiile-jurisdictionale-ale-ue-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/19\/institutiile-jurisdictionale-ale-ue-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Institu\u0163iile jurisdic\u0163ionale ale UE."},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>
\n1. <\/b>Evolutia sistemului juridic al UE<\/b><\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nInstanta jurisdictionala suprema ce vegheaza aplicarea dreptului comunitar, solutioneaza neintelegerile existente dintre statele membre, PJ, PF, Si Uniune este Curtea Europeana de Justitie.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nDupa aparitie originea CEJ este gasita in Tratatul despre instituirea CECO. In acest tratat era prevazut formarea unei CEJ care avea independenta si urma sa asigure respectarea dreptului in functionarea comunitatii. In anul 1958 sunt formate alte 2 comunitati :<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nEuroatom si CEE care prevedeau infiintarea a cite o Curte<\/a> de Justitie. Mai tirziu, prin Tratatul de la Maastrich aceste curti s-au unit, astfel incit astazi exista o singura institutie jurisdictionala \u2013 Curtea Europeana de Justitie, care nu e o autoritate internationala, ci de jurisdictie interna a UE.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nSi competenta<\/b> ei e specifica : in competenta CEJ sunt cauzele civile si administrative. Actualmente pentru CEJ este specific atributiile :<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n1. de instanta administrativa, <\/i><\/b>cind controleaza legalitatea actelor comunitare si judeca recurs ;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n2. ca o instanta constitutionala, <\/i><\/b>cind interpreteaza tratatele comunitare sau recursurile unui stat membru care incalca tratatul ;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n3. ca o instanta civila, <\/i><\/b>ce judeca letigiile ce au ca obiect acordarea de daune ;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n4. ca o instanta de apel, <\/i><\/b>cind examineaza recursurile, contra hotaririlor tribunalului de I instanta.<\/div>\n
\n2. <\/b>Structura CEJ<\/b><\/div>\n
\nStructura CEJ acum este in dispozitiile Tratatului de la Nissa. S-a stabilit continuarea aplicarii principiului desemnarii a cite un judecator de la fiecare stat membru.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nAcum CEJ are 27 judecatori <\/b>si 8 avocati<\/b> generali.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nAtit judecatorii, cit si avocatii sunt desemnati de Consiliul UE la propunerea statelor membre.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nJudecatorii (6 ani) si avocat general pot fi cetatenii statelor respective care :<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n– au calificarea necesara numirii cele mai inalte functii din tara respective;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n– ori sunt profesori universitari cu competenta recunoscuta;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n– care au independenta si onestitate recunoscuta.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nAvocatii generali ce au rolul de a asista CEJ si ocupa in dreptul comunitar o pozitie care e mai aproape de cea a procurorilor nationali decit a avocatilor. Sarcina lor este de a prezenta concluzii independente cu privire la cauza de dezbateri care exista.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nCei 27 judecatori aleg din rindul lor un presedinte pentru 3 ani. Judecatorii sunt ajutati de un grefier si de un grefier asistent. Pe linga fiecare judecator sau avocat general sunt cite 2 secretari, care ii ajuta in pregatirea dosarelor. Acestia activeaza 3 ani, din rindul persoanelor care intrunesc conditiile:<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n– sunt juristi cu bogata experienta;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n– sunt de aceiasi nationalitate ca si judecatorii si avocatii generali.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nActivitatea CEJ se face :<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n– in plen ;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n– intr-o mare camera(11 judecatori) ;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n– Camere (3-5 judecatori).<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nIn plen <\/i><\/b>Curtea judeca :<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n– cind exista cererea Parlamentului UE de demitere a ombutsmanului UE ;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n– cind se pronunta asupra sesizarii inaintate de comisie sau de consiliu, privind unele greseli grave sau neindeplinirea Comisarului european a func ;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n– cind se pronunta sesizarii Comisiei sau Consiliului, pentru incalcarea de catre un fost comisar a obligatiei de onestitate si prudenta ;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n– cind ia act de demisia unui membru al Curtii de Conturi, care nu mai indeplineste conditiile de exercitare a functiei.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nMarile camera <\/i><\/b>judeca litigiile in care sunt implicate un stat membru sau o institutie comunitara.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n Judecata are 2 faze :<\/i><\/b><\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n– faza scrisa – <\/i><\/b>in care cererea de chemare in judecata fiind inregistrata, e numit un judecator raportor, care trebuie sa studieze dosarul si punctual de vedere al partilor;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n– faza orala \u2013<\/i><\/b> prezentarea preliminara a raportului judecatoresc, pledoriile partilor si concluziile avocatului general. Apoi au loc deliberarile in camera de consiliu care au caracter secret si la care participa judecatorii din faza orala.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n <\/i><\/b><\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n3. <\/b>Competenta CEJ<\/b><\/div>\n
\nAre actiunile :<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n1. <\/b>Actiunea in anulare \u2013 <\/b>reclamantul contesta legalitatea unui act comunitar, care vine de la o institutie comunitara (actele Parlamentului, Consiliului, Comisiei) .<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n2. <\/b>Recuzul in carenta \u2013<\/b> actiune pusa la dispozitia institutiilor comunitare, exceptie CEJ, a statelor membre, a PF si PJ, prin care acestea solicita curtii sa constate abtinerea institutiilor comunitare intr-o problema in care aceasta trebuia sa actioneze.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n3. <\/b>Exceptia de ilegalitate \u2013<\/b> prin care se poate obtine anularea unui act normativ ilegal.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n4. <\/b>Actiunea – <\/b>in constatarea neindeplinirii de catre un stat membru a obligatiilor sale.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n5. <\/b>Recursul in interpretare –<\/b> e actiune pornita la cererea organului de jurisdictie nationala, Curtea revine pentru interpretarea normelor comunitare.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n6. <\/b>Actiunea in daune contra institutiilor comunitare \u2013<\/b> reclamantul urmareste obtinerea de compensatii pentru daunele cauzate de actul comunitar.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nIn scopul realizarii, mai ales 6, in 1989 este format Tribunalul de I instanta a actiunilor :<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\na) \u2013 recursul in anulare contra actelor adoptate de institutiile comunitare ;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nb) \u2013 recursul in carenta contra institutiilor comunitare ;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nc) \u2013 actiunea in daune contra institutiilor comunitare ;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\nd) \u2013 actiuni din raporturile dintre UE si functionarii sai.<\/div>\n
<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. Evolutia sistemului juridic al UE Instanta jurisdictionala suprema ce vegheaza aplicarea dreptului comunitar, solutioneaza neintelegerile existente dintre statele membre, PJ, PF, Si Uniune este Curtea Europeana de Justitie. Dupa aparitie originea CEJ este gasita in Tratatul despre instituirea CECO. In acest tratat era prevazut formarea unei CEJ care avea independenta si urma sa asigure […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nInstitu\u0163iile jurisdic\u0163ionale ale UE. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/19\/institutiile-jurisdictionale-ale-ue-3\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Institu\u0163iile jurisdic\u0163ionale ale UE. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"1. Evolutia sistemului juridic al UE Instanta jurisdictionala suprema ce vegheaza aplicarea dreptului comunitar, solutioneaza neintelegerile existente dintre statele membre, PJ, PF, Si Uniune este Curtea Europeana de Justitie. Dupa aparitie originea CEJ este gasita in Tratatul despre instituirea CECO. 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