{"id":27947,"date":"2011-02-24T14:42:00","date_gmt":"2011-02-24T14:42:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-25T09:48:48","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T09:48:48","slug":"etapele-principale-ale-conceperii-si-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/24\/etapele-principale-ale-conceperii-si-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Etapele principale ale conceperii \u015fi elabor\u0103rii unui text jurnalistic."},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>
\nA\u015fadar, planificarea \u015fi \u201econstruc\u0163ia\u201d textului jurnalistic se desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 \u00een conformitate cu a\u015ftept\u0103rile publicului vizat, cu inten\u0163ia de a atrage \u015fi de a men\u0163ine interesul acestuia. S\u0103 urm\u0103rim traseul \u201econcep\u0163ie \u2013 documentare \u2013 redactare\u201d la realizarea unui reportaj din presa scris\u0103. Construc\u0163ia reportajului poate fi asemuit\u0103 cu montajul unui film, \u00een m\u0103sura \u00een care acesta \u201easambleaz\u0103\u201d scene, imagini (prim-plan, plan detaliu, portret) \u015fi urm\u0103re\u015fte un fir narativ.<\/a>
\nPLANUL INCLUDE: Ideea reportajului: Ideea reprezint\u0103 axul director al textului. Ideea constituie \u201enucleul dur al comunic\u0103rii\u201d sau \u201eceea ce ar trebui neap\u0103rat spus \u00eentr-o propozi\u0163ie\/fraz\u0103, dac\u0103 n-am avea destul timp \u015fi spa\u0163iu pentru a spune mai mult\u201d.
\nDe cele mai multe ori, ideea textului se reg\u0103se\u015fte \u015fi \u00een titlu. Impactul pe care-l va avea reportajul asupra publicului depinde, \u00een mare m\u0103sur\u0103, de felul \u00een care \u00eencepe textul, de modul \u00een care sunt elaborate primul paragraf sau primele fraze (engl. lead).
\nParagraful ini\u0163ial sau primul paragraf trebuie s\u0103 fie concis, evocator \u015fi concret. Adesea intro-urile sunt bazate pe vizualizare, adic\u0103 pe transportarea cititorului \u00een spa\u0163iul unde se petrec faptele. \u00cen acest caz, este obligatoriu s\u0103 fie alese cuvintele care arat\u0103. Bun\u0103oar\u0103: \u201eEa poart\u0103 o bluz\u0103 viu colorat\u0103\u201d \u2013 nu arat\u0103 mare lucru. \u00cen schimb, \u201eEa poart\u0103 o bluz\u0103 verde aprins care contrasteaz\u0103 cu tenul palid\u201d \u2013 ne ajut\u0103 \u201es\u0103 o vedem\u201d mai bine.
\nDin perspectiva scriiturii, modalitatea aceasta \u00eembin\u0103 descrierea cu nara\u0163iunea, cu accent pe cea dint\u00e2i. \u00cen principiu, acest tip de \u00eenceput este specific reportajului. Este important ca jurnalistul s\u0103 \u015ftie s\u0103 vad\u0103 ce este nou \u015fi interesant \u00een realitatea pe care inten\u0163ioneaz\u0103 s\u0103 o transmit\u0103. \u00cen nici un caz, nu are a inventa ceva. Doar textul nu apar\u0163ine fic\u0163iunii. D. Husson \u015fi O. Robert despre rolul paragrafului ini\u0163ial: \u201ePentru a construi un bun \u00eenceput de text, talentul trebuie s\u0103 tind\u0103 spre concilierea mai multor imperative, aparent pu\u0163in conciliabile: s\u0103 anun\u0163e tema, s\u0103 atrag\u0103 aten\u0163ia cititorului, s\u0103-l fac\u0103 s\u0103 considere c\u0103 subiectul poate s\u0103-l intereseze, dar s\u0103 lase destul mister, pentru ca s\u0103 nu aib\u0103 impresia c\u0103 a aflat tot din primul paragraf. S\u0103-i spui destul pentru a-i trezi curiozitatea, dar pu\u0163in, pentru a dori s\u0103 continue lectura\u201d.
\n\u201eCorpul\u201d reportajului (sau partea de mijloc a textului) este rezultat al \u201easambl\u0103rii\u201d scenelor, portretelor, dialogurilor, detaliilor care valideaz\u0103 ideea textului. \u00centre \u201eteza\u201d ini\u0163ial\u0103 \u015fi concluzie, se afl\u0103 \u201eparagrafele de sprijin\u201d. Fiecare, \u00eentr-o succesiune logic\u0103, trebuie s\u0103 dezvolte paragraful ini\u0163ial. Un paragraf trebuie s\u0103 conduc\u0103 la urm\u0103torul \u00een chip firesc, f\u0103r\u0103 poticneli. Trecerea lin\u0103 se ob\u0163ine prin cuvinte de leg\u0103tur\u0103, prin paragrafe de leg\u0103tur\u0103, prin reluarea cuv\u00e2ntului final din paragraful care se \u00eencheie, la \u00eenceputul celui care urmeaz\u0103. \u201eScriitorul are nevoie de paragraf pentru control. Cititorii, pentru acces. Fiecare paragraf este o idee, un spa\u0163iu distinct pentru dezvoltarea unui punct de sprijin. (…) Cititorul are nevoie s\u0103 \u015ftie \u00een fiecare moment unde se afl\u0103 \u015fi \u00eencotro merge.\u201d Ca parte a unui \u00eentreg, \u201efiecare paragraf are o unitate. Este coerent. Are propriul accent. Pe scurt, este un text \u00een miniatur\u0103.\u201d
\nRedactarea paragrafului final este tot at\u00e2t de important\u0103 ca \u015fi \u201emontajul\u201d scenelor cu semnifica\u0163ie sau conceperea paragrafului ini\u0163ial. Dac\u0103 \u00eenceputul unui text deschide perspective \u015fi creeaz\u0103 a\u015ftept\u0103ri, finalul are rolul de a fixa \u00een mintea cititorului evenimentul\/fenomenul tratat. Mizele paragrafului final: s\u0103-l re\u0163in\u0103 pe cititor \u201ecaptiv\u201d \u00een text, favoriz\u00e2nd \u00een\u0163elegerea, memorarea, reflec\u0163ia. Finalul reportajului poate fi conceput prin introducerea unui element de noutate (noutate, \u00een raport cu informa\u0163iile existente \u00een text): o scen\u0103 puternic\u0103, un detaliu de culoare, un citat semnificativ.
\nFormul\u0103rile senten\u0163ioase \u015fi moralizatoare trebuie evitate, deoarece ele nu sunt coerente cu tipul de text reprezentat: un text care ilustreaz\u0103 o experien\u0163\u0103 tr\u0103it\u0103 de autor; un text narativ ce exploateaz\u0103 tehnica spectacolului. Rolul jurnalistului nu este acela de a-l \u00eenv\u0103\u0163a pe cititor ce concluzii s\u0103 trag\u0103 sau care este morala pe care ar trebui s\u0103 o \u00eensu\u015feasc\u0103. El \u00eei arat\u0103 doar cum este lumea, iar cititorul extrage morala \u015fi c\u00e2nt\u0103re\u015fte concluziile. <\/div>\n
<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A\u015fadar, planificarea \u015fi \u201econstruc\u0163ia\u201d textului jurnalistic se desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 \u00een conformitate cu a\u015ftept\u0103rile publicului vizat, cu inten\u0163ia de a atrage \u015fi de a men\u0163ine interesul acestuia. S\u0103 urm\u0103rim traseul \u201econcep\u0163ie \u2013 documentare \u2013 redactare\u201d la realizarea unui reportaj din presa scris\u0103. Construc\u0163ia reportajului poate fi asemuit\u0103 cu montajul unui film, \u00een m\u0103sura \u00een care acesta \u201easambleaz\u0103\u201d […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nEtapele principale ale conceperii \u015fi elabor\u0103rii unui text jurnalistic. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/24\/etapele-principale-ale-conceperii-si-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Etapele principale ale conceperii \u015fi elabor\u0103rii unui text jurnalistic. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A\u015fadar, planificarea \u015fi \u201econstruc\u0163ia\u201d textului jurnalistic se desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 \u00een conformitate cu a\u015ftept\u0103rile publicului vizat, cu inten\u0163ia de a atrage \u015fi de a men\u0163ine interesul acestuia. 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