{"id":27701,"date":"2011-02-26T09:41:00","date_gmt":"2011-02-26T09:41:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-25T09:47:38","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T09:47:38","slug":"reforma-administrativa-si-militara-in-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/26\/reforma-administrativa-si-militara-in-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Reforma administrativ\u0103 \u015fi militar\u0103 \u00een imperiul otoman \u00een sec. 18"},"content":{"rendered":"
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In secolul 18 Imp. Otoman, cindva un stat puternic, ajunge la decadere. Statul Otoman isi pierde puterea odata cu desfiintarea sistemului militaro-feudal. Comertul era complicat de taxe si tarife majorate. Comertul extern era monopolizat de Marile Puteri, care se bucurau de privilegiile regimului de capitulatii. Capitalul strain a inceput sa influenteze si comertul intern, formind din populatia neturca burghezia comerciala, deoarece lor le era inchisa calea catre serviciul militar si agricultura. In acelasi timp intre turci comertul se considera o ocupatie nedemna. Aceasta cu timpul duce la dezvoltarea populatiei neturce, care nu era interesata in pastrarea imperiului. Situatia Turciei ajunge la punctul critic, iesire din situatie incep sacaute reprezentantii superiori a aparatului feudalo-birocratic a imperiului.<\/a> Se stie ca deja in prima jumatate a sec XVIII erau tentative de a introduce reforma militara noua, in special restructurari a armatei si flotei dupa exemple europene. Insa aceste reforme nu au dat rezultate dorite,deoarece intilnesc opozitie din partea feudalilor si ienicerilor. Un pas serios spre perfectionarea corpului de ieniceri a fost facut de Ibrahim-Pasa in februarie 1728. In firmanul emis de sultan erau incluse citeva puncte despre ieniceri, salariile si pensiile acestora. Firmanul insa nu a fost aplicat, la aceasta a incurcat razboiul inceput cu Iranul, Rusia si Austria. Astfel, Ibrahim-pasa nu a intreprins masuri efective in structura armatei si relatiile dintre ieniceri. In a doua jum. a sec XVIII atentia principala a lui Selim al III era dedicata reformelor militare. Mai intii el a incercat sa intareasca si sa ordoneze subunitatile armatei turce- cavaleria feudala si corpul de ieniceri. In 1792 el emite un ordin, conform caruia timariile celor care nu indeplinea serviciul militar de stat, erau confiscate in caznaua de stat. Catre inceputul domniei lui Selim al III corpul de ieniceri era cel mai slab punct al armatei turce, totodata era un suport pentru opozitia feudala si instrument pt organizarea intrigilor de stat. In perioada 1792-1796 au fost publicate ordine cu privire la un sir de reforme. Selim III a incercat sa intareasca si artileria, asigurind armata cu pusti, instructori straini. Intr-un timp foarte scurt sultanului ii reuseste crearea unei flote destul de puternice, se deschid scoli speciale de instruire a militarilor. Selim III incerca prin aceste masuri sa intareasca autoritatea puterii centrale de stat. Pt aceasta el mai emite un ordin cu privire la organizarea provinciilor. Legea stipula ca gubernatorii provinciilor se numeau in functie de catre puterea centrala, si se supuneau sultanului si marelui vizir. Reformele nu au dat rezultatul scontat, tentativele de a scoate statul din criza adinca au suferit esec. Cauza principala a fost neatentia statului la popoarele neturce, ceea ce impiedica unitatea imperiului. In al doilea rind era vb de regimul de capitulatii, care indica faptul ca statul nu este independent in luarea deciziilor in politica sa externa. In acest plan Turcia trebuia sa urmeze \u201esfaturile\u201d Marilor Puteri. Sustinind schimbarile in Turcia, Europa nu tinea cont de interesele acestui stat. Capitalul strain tot mai mult patrundea in Turcia, transformind-o treptat in semicolonie. <\/span><\/h2>\n
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In secolul 18 Imp. Otoman, cindva un stat puternic, ajunge la decadere. Statul Otoman isi pierde puterea odata cu desfiintarea sistemului militaro-feudal. Comertul era complicat de taxe si tarife majorate. Comertul extern era monopolizat de Marile Puteri, care se bucurau de privilegiile regimului de capitulatii. Capitalul strain a inceput sa influenteze si comertul intern, formind […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nReforma administrativ\u0103 \u015fi militar\u0103 \u00een imperiul otoman \u00een sec. 18 - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/26\/reforma-administrativa-si-militara-in-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Reforma administrativ\u0103 \u015fi militar\u0103 \u00een imperiul otoman \u00een sec. 18 - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In secolul 18 Imp. Otoman, cindva un stat puternic, ajunge la decadere. Statul Otoman isi pierde puterea odata cu desfiintarea sistemului militaro-feudal. Comertul era complicat de taxe si tarife majorate. Comertul extern era monopolizat de Marile Puteri, care se bucurau de privilegiile regimului de capitulatii. 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