{"id":27627,"date":"2011-02-26T10:25:00","date_gmt":"2011-02-26T10:25:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-25T09:47:21","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T09:47:21","slug":"razboiul-ruso-turc-1877-1878-si-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/26\/razboiul-ruso-turc-1877-1878-si-2\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u0103zboiul ruso-turc 1877-1878 \u015fi efectele sale."},"content":{"rendered":"
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Dup\u0103 ce Imperiul Otoman a respins Protocolul de la Londra, prin care ar fi fost considerabil limitat\u0103 suveranitatea turc\u0103, Rusia, la 13 aprilie 1877 a r\u0103spuns prin mobilizarea a 7 divizii. \u0162arul a sosit la Chi\u015fin\u0103u, unde se g\u0103sea comandamentul s\u0103u militar \u015fi la 24 aprilie, 1877, a semnat manifestul cu privire la declararea r\u0103zboiului \u00eempotriva Turciei. Totu\u015fi, ac\u0163iuni militare de amploare \u00een Balcani au \u00eenceput abia c\u0103tre sf\u00e2r\u015fitul lunii iunie. Lordul Disraeli inten\u0163iona s\u0103 r\u0103spund\u0103 Rusiei prin ocuparea str\u00e2mtorii Dardanele, \u00eens\u0103 nu a primit sus\u0163inere din partea membrilor cabinetului englez. Marea Britanie s-a limitat la expedierea unei note c\u0103tre \u015euvalov- ambasadorul rus la Londra, \u00een care se declara c\u0103, Anglia nu poate s\u0103 permit\u0103 blocarea canalului Suez <\/a>de c\u0103tre Rusia, ocuparea Egiptului, chiar numai pe durat\u0103 r\u0103zboiului \u015fi ocuparea Constantinopolului, precum \u015fi modificarea statutului str\u00e2mtorilor. Guvernul rus a declarat c\u0103 nu inten\u0163ioneaz\u0103 efectuarea anumitor schimb\u0103ri \u00een raport cu Egiptul sau canalul Suez. Cu privire la Constantinopol \u015fi str\u00e2mtori, cabinetul de la Peterburg a declarat c\u0103 aceasta este o problem\u0103 de interes general european \u015fi Rusia se oblig\u0103 s\u0103 nu rezolve unilateral. De asemenea, Gorceak ov a declarat c\u0103 Rusia este gata s\u0103 \u00eencheie pace \u00een condi\u0163ii moderate, doar c\u0103 turcii trebuie s-o cear\u0103 \u00eenainte ca armata rus\u0103 s\u0103 traverseze mun\u0163ii Balcani. Imperiul Rus urma s\u0103 primeasc\u0103 partea de sud a Basarabiei \u015fi Batumi. Conducerea britanic\u0103 a respins cu vehemen\u0163\u0103 propunerile ruse. La 19 mai 1877, Derby- reprezentantul englez, a ini\u0163iat tratative cu Austro-Ungaria cu privire la un atac comun \u00eempotriva Imperiului \u0162arist. Anglia urma s\u0103-\u015fi trimit\u0103 flota \u00een str\u00e2mtori, iar Austro- ungaria s\u0103 distrug\u0103 flancul din spate al armatei ruse din regiunea Dun\u0103rii. Austro-ungaria a refuzat propunerea britanic\u0103, fiind de acord doar cu promovarea unei plan comun de ac\u0163iuni \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu chestiunile britanice. Austro-ungaria s-a eschivat de la declararea mobiliz\u0103rii \u00eempotriva Imperiului \u0162arist. C\u0103tre sf\u00e2r\u015fitul lunii iulie, trupele ruse au ajuns aproape de Adrianopol, iar autorit\u0103\u0163ile britanice au intrat \u00een panic\u0103. S-a decis trimiterea unei escadre britanice \u00een str\u00e2mtori. \u00cens\u0103, \u00een aceea\u015fi zi armata lui Osman-pa\u015fa a intrat \u00een Plevna, lucru care a diminuat considerabil pozi\u0163iile armatei ruse. \u00cen acest mod, r\u0103zboiul s-a dovedit a fi unul de durat\u0103, ceea ce convenea intereselor britanice. Profit\u00e2nd de sl\u0103biciunea armatei ruse, Andrassi a decis s\u0103 \u00eencalce obliga\u0163iile Austro-ungariei de a-\u015fi men\u0163ine neutralitatea \u015fi s\u0103 declare r\u0103zboi Imperiului Otoman, \u00eens\u0103 cercurile diplomatice austro-ungare au respins propunerea ministrului de externe, consider\u00e2nd c\u0103 o ciocnire militar\u0103 cu Rusia nu este pe puterile Vienei. La 10 decembrie 1877, armatele ruse au ocupat Plevna. Sultanul a amenin\u0163at c\u0103 Poarta va ceda \u00een caz dac\u0103 nu va primi ajutor din partea Angliei. La 13 decembrie guvernul britanic a pre\u00eent\u00e2mpinat Rusia c\u0103 chiar \u015fi o ocupare temporar\u0103 a Constantinopolului va determina Anglia s\u0103 treac\u0103 la ac\u0163iuni radicale. La 24 decembrie Imperiul Otoman s-a adresat c\u0103tre Anglia pentru ajutor \u00eempotriva Rusiei, care \u00eens\u0103 a declarat c\u0103 nu accept\u0103 un armisti\u0163iu ob\u0163inut de c\u0103tre Marea Britanie: Poarta trebuie singur\u0103 s\u0103 cear\u0103 semnarea p\u0103cii de la Imperiul \u0162arist. La 8 ianuarie, 1878 Poarta s-a adresat c\u0103tre comandantul militar principal al Rusiei cu rug\u0103mintea de a semna armisti\u0163iu. Negocierile au demarat, \u00eens\u0103 armatele ruse continuau s\u0103 \u00eenainteze prin capital\u0103 otoman\u0103. Sub influen\u0163a notelor informative descurajatoare venite din Constantinopol, cabinetul englez decide, la 23 ianuarie s\u0103 trimit\u0103 flota britanic\u0103 \u00een str\u00e2mtori, consider\u00e2nd c\u0103 un asemenea pas va determina \u015fi mobilizarea Austro-ungariei. Guvernul \u0163arist nu a riscat s\u0103 mearg\u0103 la un conflict cu dou\u0103 mari puteri, av\u00e2nd o armat\u0103 deja epuizat\u0103, de aceea \u015fi-a declarat oficial acordul de a discuta condi\u0163iile viitorului armisti\u0163iu \u00een cadrul unui congres interna\u0163ional. Tem\u00e2ndu-se de o ciocnire cu Anglia, \u0163arul a ordonat ca \u00een caz dac\u0103 turcii vor accepta condi\u0163iile armisti\u0163iului, armatele ruse s\u0103 se ab\u0163in\u0103 de la ocuparea Constantinopolului. La 31 ianuarie 1878, turcii au semnat armisti\u0163iu. \u00cen pofida acestui fapt, ru\u015fii continuau s\u0103 \u00eenainteze, iar la 8 februarie cabinetul englez a ordonat o nou\u0103 \u00eenaintare a flotei britanice spre Dardanele. Dar sultanul nu a \u00eendr\u0103znit s\u0103 permit\u0103 trecerea flotei britanice din cauza amenin\u0163\u0103rii f\u0103cute de ru\u015fi cu privire la ocuparea Constantinopolului. \u0162arul, \u00eentr-adev\u0103r a decis s\u0103 ocupe Constantinopolul, \u00eens\u0103 Gorceakov a protestat men\u0163ion\u00e2nd c\u0103 aceasta ar duce la un r\u0103zboi \u00eempotriva Angliei. Guvernul englez a declarat c\u0103 intrarea trupelor ruse \u00een Constantinopol va duce la ruperea rela\u0163iilor diplomatice. Aceea\u0163i declara\u0163ie a f\u0103cut \u015fi Austro-ungaria. Guvernul rus a decis \u0103 nu complice situa\u0163ia \u015fi s-a limitat doar la ocuparea localit\u0103\u0163ii San-Stefano, situat\u0103 la 12 verste de Constantinopol. Tot aici, la 3 martie 1878 a fost semnat tratatul de pace.<\/div>\n
<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dup\u0103 ce Imperiul Otoman a respins Protocolul de la Londra, prin care ar fi fost considerabil limitat\u0103 suveranitatea turc\u0103, Rusia, la 13 aprilie 1877 a r\u0103spuns prin mobilizarea a 7 divizii. \u0162arul a sosit la Chi\u015fin\u0103u, unde se g\u0103sea comandamentul s\u0103u militar \u015fi la 24 aprilie, 1877, a semnat manifestul cu privire la declararea r\u0103zboiului […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nR\u0103zboiul ruso-turc 1877-1878 \u015fi efectele sale. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/26\/razboiul-ruso-turc-1877-1878-si-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"R\u0103zboiul ruso-turc 1877-1878 \u015fi efectele sale. - 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