{"id":27519,"date":"2011-02-28T14:15:00","date_gmt":"2011-02-28T14:15:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-25T09:46:51","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T09:46:51","slug":"portugalia-in-sec-al-xviii-lea-inc-sec-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/28\/portugalia-in-sec-al-xviii-lea-inc-sec-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Portugalia \u00een sec. al XVIII-lea &#8211; \u00eenc. sec. al XIX-lea."},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Portugalia si-a obtinut independeta (de la Spania) in a doua jum.a sec  XVII. Odata cu restaurarea unei dinastii autohtone nu a venit si o  perioada de inflorire economica in regat, desi stabilitatea politica a  existat, fara indoiala chia de la sf sec.XVII, s-au anulat cortezurile,  monarhia poloneza luind o forma de adsolutism. Declinul continua, inca  mai accentuat, in timpul domniei de jum. de secol a lui Ioan V  (1707-1750). Regele s-a dovedit incapabil de a rezolva problemele de  fond ale statului, fiind in schimb dominat de ambitii detafate si  gusturi indoielnice (nu mai convoaca cortezurile, obtine de la Papa  titlul de prea fidel, etc.). la moartea sa Portugalia nu mai are nici  industrie, nici comert, nici armata, nici finante; poporul e in mizerie,  iar clerul si clasele inalte se complac in rutina, ignorant si  trindavie. Meretul urmatorului rege nu a fost altul decit aducerea la  putere a marchizului de Pombal, care a institui o adevarata dictatura,  intre 1751 si 1777. <a href=\"\" name=\"more\"><\/a>Adept al \u201cabsolutismului  luminat\u201d, acesta era principalul protector al centralizarii puterii in  miinele regelui. Metodele sale erau din cele mai dure: cu scopul de a  slabi nobilimea, potrivnica absolutismului, Pombal, sub pretextul unui  complot anti-regal, a arestat peste 1000 de fidalgo si membrii  familiilor lor, a reprimat o mare putere din arestrocratie. Apoi a urmat  iezuitii; in 1759 au exilati din regat. Pombal a transformat inchizitia  intr-un tribunal regal, functiile de cenzura ale acesteia s-au predate  structurilor guvernamentale. In acelasi timp Pombal a reorganizat armata  si flota, a incercat sa puna in ordine venturile statului. In 1761  Pombal a anulat comertul cu sclavi in Portugalia continental. Reformele  s-au produs si in sfera invatamintului si culturii. In aspect economic  s-a interziz exportatrea aurului si a argintului, s-a sustinut  dezvoltarea comertului intern si a industriei, oferind privilegii  companiilor din domeniu. In 1793 portugalia a incheiat cu Spania si  Anglia un tratat antifrancez, si armata portugheza a participat la  actiuni militare in Franta. Dar degraba Spania a incheiat cu Franta o  pace separate, Portugaliei impunindu-i-se conditii grele: intrerupere  relatiilor cu Anglia, inchiderea porturilor marine pentru englezi si  deschiderea lor pentru francezi si spanioli, transmiterea unei provincii  Spaniei in calitate de \u201costatec\u201d, etc. Ca raspuns la refuzul de a  indeplini aceste conditii, a inceput invazia armata franco-spaniola.  Familia regala si curtea s-a refugiat in Brazilia. Sub influienta  Revolutiei FR. In Portugalia au prins radacini ideile eliberatoare.  Ostile de ocupatiei ale frantei revolutionare, saracind Portugalia au  adus si ideiile revolutiei. S-a inmultit numarul lojelor masonice si a  crescut curentul literaturii politice. Catre anii \u201920 a sec. 19  greutatile economice au fost acutizate de razboi, instrainarea economiei  braziliene, pierderea pietii braziliene pt industria si vinificatia  portugheza. Instabilitatea politica era amenintata sib de evenimentele  revolutionare din spania. Constitutia din 1822 a proclamat Portugalia  Monarhie Constitutionala, a declarat libertatea tuturor portughezilor si  egalitatea lor in fata legii. Printer principalele principia promovate  de constitutie era cel al suveranitatii natiunii. In 1823 absolutistii  au initiat o rascoala, cu aceasta incepind 11 anii de razboi civil in  Portugalia, numit \u201cRazboaile Mighiliene\u201d.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Portugalia si-a obtinut independeta (de la Spania) in a doua jum.a sec XVII. Odata cu restaurarea unei dinastii autohtone nu a venit si o perioada de inflorire economica in regat, desi stabilitatea politica a existat, fara indoiala chia de la sf sec.XVII, s-au anulat cortezurile, monarhia poloneza luind o forma de adsolutism. Declinul continua, inca [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Portugalia \u00een sec. al XVIII-lea - \u00eenc. sec. al XIX-lea. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/02\/28\/portugalia-in-sec-al-xviii-lea-inc-sec-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Portugalia \u00een sec. al XVIII-lea - \u00eenc. sec. al XIX-lea. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Portugalia si-a obtinut independeta (de la Spania) in a doua jum.a sec XVII. Odata cu restaurarea unei dinastii autohtone nu a venit si o perioada de inflorire economica in regat, desi stabilitatea politica a existat, fara indoiala chia de la sf sec.XVII, s-au anulat cortezurile, monarhia poloneza luind o forma de adsolutism. 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