{"id":27493,"date":"2011-03-01T11:12:00","date_gmt":"2011-03-01T11:12:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-25T09:46:46","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T09:46:46","slug":"restaurarea-burbonilor-in-franta-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/03\/01\/restaurarea-burbonilor-in-franta-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Restaurarea Burbonilor \u00een Fran\u0163a."},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%;\">\u00cenfr\u00e2ngerea  lui Napoleon a adus la a doua restabilire a Bourbonilor. La 8 iulie  1815 Ludovic al XVIII-lea a intrat \u00een Paris. Cu sosirea lui Ludovic \u00een  \u0163ar\u0103 s-a desf\u0103\u015furat \u201cterrorul alb\u201d erau aresta\u0163i peste 70 de mii de  oameni, au fost uci\u015fi aproape to\u0163i ofi\u0163erii lui Napoleon. Dar  re\u00eentoarcerea lui Ludovic al XVIII-lea nu \u00eensemna restabilirea  monarhiei. Congresul de la Viena a hot\u0103r\u00e2t ca \u00een Fran\u0163a s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103  regimul \u00eent\u0103rit pe timpul lui Napoleon, fiindc\u0103 restabilirea monarhiei  putea provoca noul val de revolu\u0163ii. Noua constitu\u0163ie numit\u0103 \u201cCarta  anului 1814\u201d a stabilit regimul monarhiei constitu\u0163ionale. Regelui \u00eei  apar\u0163inea puterea executiv\u0103. Aceast\u0103 constitu\u0163ie limita puterea  monarhului prin corpul legislativ format din doua camere: Camera  aristocratic\u0103 superioar\u0103, numit\u0103 de \u00eemp\u0103rat \u015fi Camera inferioar\u0103, aleas\u0103  pe baza cenzului de avere. Dreptul de vot \u00eel aveau numai<a href=\"\" name=\"more\"><\/a>  b\u0103rba\u0163ii care au \u00eemplinit 30 de ani \u015fi ce plateau nu mai putin de 300  franci impozite directe pe an. Pentru a avea dreptul de a fi ales \u00een  deputa\u0163i trebuia cenzul de v\u00e2rst\u0103 de 40 de ani \u015fi pl\u0103tirea anual\u0103 nu mai  pu\u0163in de 1000 franci impozite directe. Principala putere \u00een \u0163ar\u0103 o  aveau mo\u015fierii \u015fi un mic cerc de burghezie bogat\u0103. Cu \u00eenceputul  c\u00e2rmuirii lui Ludovic al XVIII-lea a revenit pacea, au fost regulate  divergen\u0163ele cu \u0163\u0103rile coalite. Succesul guvern\u0103rii sale Ludovic se  datorea alegerii reu\u015fite a ministrilor. Deosebit de str\u0103lucitor era  contele Ri\u015file, talentat politic \u015fi administrator. Ludovic al XVIII-lea a  murit \u00een anul 1824 \u015fi \u00een locul lui a venit fratele lui mai mic ducele  d\u2019Artua sub numele de Carl al X-lea. Cu fiecare an Carl al X-lea tot mai  mult se \u00eentorcea la or\u00e2nduirea feudal\u0103. La alegerile din 1827 \u015fi 1830  opozi\u0163ia liberal\u0103 de dou\u0103 ori a sus\u0163inut victorie. O nemul\u0163umire  deosebit\u0103 a provocat ceea c\u0103 \u00een 1829 capul guvernului a devenit  prietenul regelui contele Juli de Polgneac. Criza politic\u0103 se \u00eente\u0163ea.  \u00cen a\u015fa situa\u0163ie Carl a XI-lea a semnat 4 ordonan\u0163e prin care se dizolva  Camera Deputa\u0163ilor, dreptul de vot l-au primit numai mo\u015fierii mari, se  lichida libertatea presei. \u00cen a\u015fa situa\u0163ie pe 26 iulie a izbucnit  r\u0103scoala. R\u0103sculan\u0163ii triumfau timp de \u201c3 zile glorioase\u201d. Carl al X-lea  a semnat detronarea sa \u015fi a fugit \u00een Anglia. Puterea a luat-o burghezia  liberal\u0103. A fost format guvernul provizoriu, care pe 9 august l-a  proclamat rege pe Ludovic Filip din dinastia Orleans, instaur\u00e2nd  monarhia burgheza. Noua Constitu\u0163ie numit\u0103 \u201c Carta anului 1830\u201d declara  c\u0103 regele guverneaz\u0103 conform invita\u0163iei poporului, era proclamat\u0103  libertatea cuv\u00e2ntului, presei, \u00eentrunirilor; erau mic\u015forate cenzurile de  avere \u015fi v\u00e2rsta. Numarul electoratului s-a m\u0103rit p\u00e2n\u00ee la 250 de mii de  oameni. Monarhia din iulie a re\u00eenceput ceea ce a \u00eenceput \u00eenc\u0103 \u00een  prezenta lui Carl al X-lea \u2013 cucerirea Algirului, care \u00een 1847 a devenit  colonie a Fran\u0163ei. Din cauza salariului mic, condi\u0163iilor de trai  mizerabile izbucneau r\u0103scoalele muncitore\u015fti. \u00cen anii \u201940 ai secolului  al XIX-ela Lui-Filip nu mai ascundea dragostea fa\u0163\u0103 de putere. Dup\u0103  revolu\u0163ia din iulie 1830 tr\u0103s\u0103tura caracteristic\u0103 a Fran\u0163ei consta \u00een  domina\u0163ia politic\u0103 a bancherilor \u015fi lipsa drepturilor democratice.  R\u0103scoala a izbucnit pe 22 februarie 1848, \u00een rezultatul c\u0103reia  r\u0103sculan\u0163ii au ocupat palatul regal, iar Ludovic Filip a fugit \u00een  Anglia. Dup\u0103 c\u00e2\u015ftigul revolu\u0163iei a fost format guvernul provizoriu \u00een  frunte cu poetul Lamartin ce a ocupat postul de ministru al afacerilor  externe. Guvernul provizoriu a proclamat Fran\u0163a republic\u0103, a lichidat  titlurile nobile, a proclamat libertatea presei, \u00eentrunirilor publice, a  fost introdus votul universal pentru b\u0103rba\u0163ii ce au \u00eemplinit 21 de ani.  A fost organizat\u0103 Comisia Guvernamental\u0103 pentru muncitori \u00een frunte cu  socialistul Louis Blanc \u015fi muncitorul Alexandre Alber, s-au \u00eenfiin\u0163at  Ateliere na\u0163ionale, unde munceau peste 100 de mii de fo\u015fti \u015fomeri. La 23  aprilie au \u00eenceput alegerile \u00een Adunarea Constitu\u0163ionala, care a fost  convocat\u0103 la 4 mai alc\u0103tuit\u0103 din republicanii modera\u0163i \u015fi mai ales,  conservatorii. Adunarea Constitu\u0163ional\u0103 a \u00eenlocuit guvernul provizoriu  cu Comisia Executiv\u0103 din care sociali\u015ftii nu mai f\u0103ceau parte. Ministrul  de r\u0103zboi a fost numit generalul Cavaignac, care a suprimat crud  mi\u015fcarea de eliberare na\u0163ional\u0103 din Algir. \u201cComisia pentru muncitori\u201d  era desfiin\u0163at\u0103, cluburile democratice \u015fi Atelierele Na\u0163ionale &#8211;  \u00eenchise. Toate acestea au provocat r\u0103scoala pe 22 iunie 1848 care era  \u00een\u0103bu\u015fit\u0103 de generalul Cavaignac.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cenfr\u00e2ngerea lui Napoleon a adus la a doua restabilire a Bourbonilor. La 8 iulie 1815 Ludovic al XVIII-lea a intrat \u00een Paris. Cu sosirea lui Ludovic \u00een \u0163ar\u0103 s-a desf\u0103\u015furat \u201cterrorul alb\u201d erau aresta\u0163i peste 70 de mii de oameni, au fost uci\u015fi aproape to\u0163i ofi\u0163erii lui Napoleon. Dar re\u00eentoarcerea lui Ludovic al XVIII-lea nu [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Restaurarea Burbonilor \u00een Fran\u0163a. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/03\/01\/restaurarea-burbonilor-in-franta-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Restaurarea Burbonilor \u00een Fran\u0163a. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00cenfr\u00e2ngerea lui Napoleon a adus la a doua restabilire a Bourbonilor. La 8 iulie 1815 Ludovic al XVIII-lea a intrat \u00een Paris. Cu sosirea lui Ludovic \u00een \u0163ar\u0103 s-a desf\u0103\u015furat \u201cterrorul alb\u201d erau aresta\u0163i peste 70 de mii de oameni, au fost uci\u015fi aproape to\u0163i ofi\u0163erii lui Napoleon. 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Dar re\u00eentoarcerea lui Ludovic al XVIII-lea nu [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/03\/01\/restaurarea-burbonilor-in-franta-2\/","og_site_name":"Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/","article_published_time":"2011-03-01T11:12:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2020-09-25T09:46:46+00:00","author":"eurointern","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"eurointern","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/03\/01\/restaurarea-burbonilor-in-franta-2\/","url":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/03\/01\/restaurarea-burbonilor-in-franta-2\/","name":"Restaurarea Burbonilor \u00een Fran\u0163a. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2011-03-01T11:12:00+00:00","dateModified":"2020-09-25T09:46:46+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/2bf02c24278f4ce807817c8f91add34d"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/03\/01\/restaurarea-burbonilor-in-franta-2\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/03\/01\/restaurarea-burbonilor-in-franta-2\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/03\/01\/restaurarea-burbonilor-in-franta-2\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Restaurarea Burbonilor \u00een Fran\u0163a."}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/","name":"Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/","description":"Internships\/ Scholarships\/  Grants","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/2bf02c24278f4ce807817c8f91add34d","name":"eurointern","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4ba0ee69eda3e0c9ec9a3c49a6c7a82b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4ba0ee69eda3e0c9ec9a3c49a6c7a82b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"eurointern"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/rubyskynews.com"],"url":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/author\/eurointern28gmail-com\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27493"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27493"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27493\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27493"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27493"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27493"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}