{"id":25663,"date":"2011-04-05T09:08:00","date_gmt":"2011-04-05T09:08:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-25T09:38:07","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T09:38:07","slug":"razboaiele-balcanice-1912-1913-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/04\/05\/razboaiele-balcanice-1912-1913-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Razboaiele balcanice (1912-1913)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Primul razboi balcanic din 1912, marca hotararea popoarelor din Balcani (greci, bulgari, sarbi) de a imparti definitiv si ceea  ce mai ramasese din partea europeana a Imperiului Otoman. Doar neintelegerea statelor balcanice asupra conditiilor de impartire a \u201cprazii\u201d a inlesnit iesirea cu pierderi putine a Turciei din aceasta criza fatala, ca si in multe alte cazuri din trecut. Astfel Turcia recucereste Adrianopolul si Tracia orientala. Tot acum se formeaza si statul independent albanez. La 28 noiembrie 1912 Albania se proclama independenta. La 13 martie 1912, se incheie Tratatul de prietenie si alianta bulgaro-sarb la Sofia. Acest tratat constituie nucleul Aliantei Balcanice, indreptat impotriva Turciei. La 29 mai 1912, se incheie la Sofia tratatul de alianta defensiva greco-bulgar. La 6 octombrie 1912 are loc conventia politica si militara sarbo-muntenegreana, privind actiunile comune impotriva turciei. La 9 octombrie 1912 Muntenegru incepe operatiunile militare impotriva Turciei.<\/span><\/div>\n
La 17 octombrie 1912 Serbia declara razboi Turciei.<\/span><\/div>\n
Primul razboi balcanic a avut loc intre 18 octombrie 1912 si         30 mai 1913<\/b>.<\/span><\/div>\n
La 18 octombrie 1912 incep ostilitatile in primul razboi balcanic : Bulgaria, Serbia, Grecia si Muntenegru impotriva Turciei.<\/span><\/div>\n
La 26 octombrie 1912 insula Creta se uneste cu Grecia.<\/span><\/div>\n
La 8 noiembrie 1912 trupele grecesti ocupa Salonicul. Batalia decisiva intre Grecia si Turcia are loc la Tenedos (azi insula turceasca Bozcaada) la 18 ianuarie 1913. La 26 noiembrie1912 armata bulgara incepe ofensiva impotriva Turciei la Ceatalgea si la 26 martie 1913  armatele bulgare cuceresc Adrianopolul.<\/span><\/div>\n
Toate aceste lupte s-au incheiat prin tratatul de pace de la Londra din 30 mai 1913<\/b>, intre Turcia si Alianta Balcanica.<\/span><\/div>\n
In urma acestui tratat, Tracia rasariteana cu Adrianopolul se uneste cu Bulgaria, iar Macedonia se imparte intre aliati.<\/span><\/div>\n
Al doilea razboi balcanic a avut loc in perioada 29 iunie \u2013 10 august 1913<\/b>, Serbia, Grecia, Muntenegru si Romania impotriva Bulgariei. Mai tarziu, diplomatia turca va reusi sa intre in razboi si ea impotriva Bulgariei.<\/span><\/div>\n
Cauza celui de-al doilea razboi balcanic a fost nemultumirea celorlalte tari din peninsula Balcanica impotriva Bulgariei care obtinuse mai multe teritorii decat i s-ar fi cuvenit.<\/span><\/div>\n
Tratatul de la Londra a creat neintelegeri printre aliatii din Balcani, in special intre Serbia si Bulgaria. Printre cauze a fost refuzul Bulagriei de a recunoaste pretentia Serbiei de influenta asupra unei parti a Macedoniei. In plus Serbia s-a simtit jignita ca nu a obtinut teritorii de-a lungul Marii Adriatice. Pe 1 iunie 1913 Grecia si Serbia au facut o alianta impotriva Bulgariei. La data de 29 iunie 1913 un general bulgar fara sa aiba acordul guvernului a atacat pozitiile defensive ale Serbiei, incepand astfel al doilea razboi balcanic. Guvernul bulgar a negat acest atac, dar pe 8 iulie Grecia si Serbia declara razboi Bulgariei. In urmatoarele doua saptamani Romania, Muntenegru si Imperiul Otoman intra in razboi impotriva Bulgariei.<\/span><\/div>\n
Bulgaria singura in fata aliantei a cinci tari este invinsa si pe 30 iulie cere armistitiu, nevoita sa incheie pace cu grele pierderi teritoriale. <\/span><\/div>\n
Pacea s-a semnat in trei etape: la Bucuresti, intre Serbia, Grecia si Romania de o parte si Bulgaria, in 10 august 1913<\/b> si o alta pace intre Bulgaria si Turcia la Constantinopol in 29 septembrie1913<\/b>. La Bucuresti Serbia primeste partea de nord a Macedoniei si Grecia primeste Macedonia de sud. Tot acum Romania primeste sudul Dobrogei (Cadrilaterul)  compus din judetele Durostor si Caliacra.<\/span><\/div>\n
Prin tratatul de pace de la Constantinopol dintre Turcia si Bulgaria, Tracia rasariteana cu Adrianopolul revine Turciei.<\/span><\/div>\n
Ultimul tratat de pace al acestor razboaie s-a incheiat la 14 noiembrie<\/b> intre Grecia si Turcia la Atena. Turcia e de acord ca Macedonia de sud, Tracia de apus si Epirul (o regiune de langa Grecia) sa intre in componenta Greciei.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Primul razboi balcanic din 1912, marca hotararea popoarelor din Balcani (greci, bulgari, sarbi) de a imparti definitiv si ceea  ce mai ramasese din partea europeana a Imperiului Otoman. Doar neintelegerea statelor balcanice asupra conditiilor de impartire a \u201cprazii\u201d a inlesnit iesirea cu pierderi putine a Turciei din aceasta criza fatala, ca si in multe alte […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nRazboaiele balcanice (1912-1913) - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/04\/05\/razboaiele-balcanice-1912-1913-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Razboaiele balcanice (1912-1913) - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Primul razboi balcanic din 1912, marca hotararea popoarelor din Balcani (greci, bulgari, sarbi) de a imparti definitiv si ceea  ce mai ramasese din partea europeana a Imperiului Otoman. 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