{"id":25647,"date":"2011-04-05T09:31:00","date_gmt":"2011-04-05T09:31:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-25T09:38:07","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T09:38:07","slug":"revolutia-agrara-si-revolutia-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/04\/05\/revolutia-agrara-si-revolutia-2\/","title":{"rendered":"REVOLUTIA AGRAR\u00c3 SI REVOLUTIA INDUSTRIAL\u00c3"},"content":{"rendered":"
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            Activitatea industrial\u00e3 si cea agrar\u00e3 au devenit \u00een cursul secolului al XIX-lea cele mai importante sectoare \u00een economia marilor state. REVOLUTIA AGRAR\u00c3<\/b> Policultura<\/u> asigura fiec\u00e3rei gospod\u00e3rii sau regiuni produsele vegetale sau animale necesare consumului propriu. \u00cen aceste conditii numai o mic\u00e3 parte a produselor era destinat\u00e3 schimbului. Prin revolutia agrar\u00e3, adic\u00e3 transformarea propriet\u00e3tii feudale asupra p\u00e3m\u00e2ntului \u00een proprietate capitalist\u00e3, agricultura s-a adaptat cerintelor moderne. Revolutia agrar\u00e3 s-a realizat pe c\u00e3i diferite. Locul t\u00e3ranilor englezi a fost luat de mici fermieri, arendasI<\/u> si lucr\u00e3tori salariati. \u00cen Franta 4\/5 din p\u00e3m\u00e2ntul nobilimii au trecut \u00een proprietatea t\u00e3r\u00e3nimii si burgheziei. \u00cen SUA, prin reformele din anii 1862-1863, a fost asigurat accesul ne\u00eengr\u00e3dit la p\u00e3m\u00e2nt tuturor femeilor. T\u00e3ranii au fost eliberati de iob\u00e3gie prin r\u00e3scump\u00e3rarea obligatiilor fat\u00e3 de st\u00e3p\u00e2ni.  Progresele mecanicii au f\u00e3cut posibil\u00e3 inventarea primelor masini agricole care au usurat munca oamenilor \u2013 masina de egrenat bumbacul si secer\u00e3torile mecanice. Producerea \u00eengr\u00e3s\u00e3mintelor chimice a permis fertilizarea artificial\u00e3 a solului. Au ap\u00e3rut elemente noi care tulburau ordinea existentei si anticipau progresul (ceai, indigo, opiu, bumbac \u2013 \u00een India; crearea unei retele de irigatii \u2013 \u00een Egipt).<\/span><\/div>\n
            <\/span><\/div>\n
REVOLUTIA INDUSTRIAL\u00c3<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
            Simbolul revolutiei industriale a fost masina cu aburi inventat\u00e3 de inginerul mecanic scotian James Watt, \u00een 1765 si perfectionat\u00e3 de el p\u00e2n\u00e3 \u00een  1784. Tara \u00een care au fost \u00eentrunite, c\u00e3tre 1780, toate premisele revolutiei industriale a fost Anglia. Ea a devenit c\u00e3tre 1830 \u201eatelierul lumii\u201c si si-a asigurat o cov\u00e2rsitoare superioritate economic\u00e3 asupra celorlalte t\u00e3ri. Dup\u00e3 1815 Franta, SUA si unele state germane si-au intensificat la r\u00e2ndul lor eforturile de industrializare. <\/span><\/div>\n
            Cresterea productiei a fost \u00eensotit\u00e3 de cresterea v\u00e2nz\u00e3rilor pentru realizarea profitului<\/u>, care era scopul productiei \u00eensesi. <\/span><\/div>\n
            Revolutia industrial\u00e3 a fost \u00eensotit\u00e3 de revolutia transporturilor. S-a extins constructia soselelor si au ap\u00e3rut c\u00e3ile ferate si vapoarele. Fabrica \u00een care lucrau sute si apoi mii de muncitori (ce formau proletariatul<\/u>) a devenit simbolul dezvolt\u00e3rii capitalismului<\/u>. <\/span><\/div>\n
            Revolutia industrial\u00e3 a schimbat caracterul economic t\u00e3rilor \u00een care s-a          desf\u00e3surat si a transformat structura societ\u00e3tii, simplific\u00eend-o. Centrul de greutate al activit\u00e3tii economice s-a deplasat de la sat la oras. <\/span><\/div>\n
            Dramele sociale si individuale provocate de industrializare au determinat aparitia teoriilor socialiste si cresterea num\u00e3rului celor care doreau aplicarea lor. <\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
            ORA\u00aa \u00aaI SAT \u2013 SPATIU AL DEZVOLT\u00c3RII SOCIALE<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
            Transform\u00e3rile economice sociale din secolul al XIX-lea au avut loc \u00een conditiile cresterii generale a populatiei. Evolutia demografic\u00e3 a fost marcat\u00e3 de dou\u00e3 fenomene. Suprapopularea relativ\u00e3 care a provocat emigrarea unui num\u00e3r mare de muncitori, t\u00e3rani si mestesugari europeni si cresterea populatiei industriale si celei urbane.<\/span><\/div>\n
            Criza agrar\u00e3 din anii <\/span>\u00a2<\/span>20 provocat\u00e3 de c\u00e2tiva ani de recolte bune care au sc\u00e3zut mult preturile la produsele agricole. <\/span><\/div>\n
            Folosirea masinilor a provocat numeroase revolte \u00een Anglia \u00eentre 1780 si 1830. Pentru a se \u00eempotrivii organiz\u00e3rii fabricilor lucr\u00e3torii specializati au \u00eenfiintat sindicate<\/u>. Au ap\u00e3rut interesele muncitorilor \u00een relatiile cu patronii, inclusiv prin organizarea unor manifestatii si greve<\/u>. <\/span><\/div>\n
            \u00cen occident vechile orase s-au transformat treptat, ap\u00e3r\u00e2nd \u201eorasul mecanizat\u201c. Muncitorii locuiau \u00een aglomer\u00e3rile mizere din apropierea fabricilor, constr\u00e2nsi s\u00e3 tr\u00e3iasc\u00e3 din salarii insuficiente, expusi foametei si epidemiilor.<\/span><\/div>\n
            Folosirea masinilor a devalorizat forta de munc\u00e3, num\u00e3rul s\u00e3racilor fiind in continu\u00e3 crestere la orase. La sf\u00e2rsitul secolului al XVII-lea, \u00een Anglia, 14% din populatia oraselor tr\u00e3aia din mila public\u00e3.<\/span><\/div>\n
            Nobili reformatori, oameni de afaceri, diversi g\u00e2nditori, preocupati de \u00eendrepatrea \u201er\u00e3ului social\u201c au elaborat diferite conceptii despre socialism<\/u>. Robert Owen a f\u00e3cut deosebirea \u00eentre progresul tehnic si organizarea capitalist\u00e3 a productiei.<\/span><\/div>\n
            Carl Marks si Friederich Engels au generalizat \u00eenp\u00e3rtirea produc\u00e3torilor industrriali \u00een patroni si muncitori. Lupta proletarilor \u00eenpotriva patronilor avea rol revolutionar, urm\u00e2nd s\u00e3 \u00eenlocuiasc\u00e3 societatea capiutalist\u00e3 \u00eentr-o societate lipsit\u00e3 de exploatare, pe care ei au numit-o comunist\u00e3. \u00cencercarea de aplicare a acestei teorii a determinat caracterul ei utopic.<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Activitatea industrial\u00e3 si cea agrar\u00e3 au devenit \u00een cursul secolului al XIX-lea cele mai importante sectoare \u00een economia marilor state. REVOLUTIA AGRAR\u00c3 Policultura asigura fiec\u00e3rei gospod\u00e3rii sau regiuni produsele vegetale sau animale necesare consumului propriu. \u00cen aceste conditii numai o mic\u00e3 parte a produselor era destinat\u00e3 schimbului. Prin revolutia agrar\u00e3, adic\u00e3 transformarea propriet\u00e3tii feudale […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nREVOLUTIA AGRAR\u00c3 SI REVOLUTIA INDUSTRIAL\u00c3 - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/04\/05\/revolutia-agrara-si-revolutia-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"REVOLUTIA AGRAR\u00c3 SI REVOLUTIA INDUSTRIAL\u00c3 - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"            Activitatea industrial\u00e3 si cea agrar\u00e3 au devenit \u00een cursul secolului al XIX-lea cele mai importante sectoare \u00een economia marilor state. REVOLUTIA AGRAR\u00c3 Policultura asigura fiec\u00e3rei gospod\u00e3rii sau regiuni produsele vegetale sau animale necesare consumului propriu. \u00cen aceste conditii numai o mic\u00e3 parte a produselor era destinat\u00e3 schimbului. 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REVOLUTIA AGRAR\u00c3 Policultura asigura fiec\u00e3rei gospod\u00e3rii sau regiuni produsele vegetale sau animale necesare consumului propriu. \u00cen aceste conditii numai o mic\u00e3 parte a produselor era destinat\u00e3 schimbului. 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