{"id":25109,"date":"2011-05-10T11:09:00","date_gmt":"2011-05-10T11:09:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-25T09:35:50","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T09:35:50","slug":"scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Scurta privire asupra caracteristicilor economiei Japoneze."},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>

Japona este un stat capitalist cu caracteristici unice, cooperarea dintre guvern si industrie, prezenta tehnologiilor inalte, cultul muncii, precum si alocarea unei foarte mici parti din Buget pentru aparare (1% din PNB) au ajutat-o sa avanseze extraordinar de repede la pozitia de a doua mare putere tehnologica si economica a lumii, si a treia ca marime ( dupa SUA si China) in lume.
\nO caracteristica a economiei Japoniei este conlucrarea intre Producatori, Furnizori si Distribuitori in Grupuri inchise numite KEIRETSU.
\nA doua caracteristica este garantarea angajarii pe viata a majoritatii populatiei urbane.
\nActualmente aceste caracteristici s-au dovedit ineficiente .
\nIndustria, cel mai important sector al economiei, este total dependent de importurile de materii prime si combustibil.
\nSectorul agricol desi mult mai mic ca importanta este foarte protejat si subventionat de stat, Productivitatea recoltelor este printre cele mai mari in lume, totusi Japonia trebuie sa importe 50% din necesitatile cerealiere.
\nJaponia detine una din cele mai mari flote de pescuit din lume, industria pescuitului crescind spectaculos timp de trei decenii ( cu 10% in 1960, 5% in 1970 si 4% in 1980) .Cresterea a scazut incepind cu anii 1990 din cauza supradimensionarii investitiilor, speculatiilor, precum si a scaderii cererii reale a pietii.
\nEforturile Guvernului de a relansa cresterea economica a avut un succes limitat datorita incetinirii economiilor asiatice si a SUA.
\nRobotica constituie cheia dezvoltarii Japoniei pe termen lung, aici aflindu-se 410.00 din cei 720.000 roboti ai lumii.
\n1. Produsul intern brut (Gross Domestic Product)
\nTotal PIB : 3.150 mld $ (2000)
\nRata reala de crestere a PIB : 1,3%
\nPIB\/locuitor : 24.900 (2000)
\nStructura PIB : – agricultura: 2%
\n -industrie: 35%
\n -servicii: 63%
\nRata inflatiei : -0,7%
\n2. Forta de munca:
\nTotal : 67,7 milioane (2000)
\nRata somajului : 4,7%(2000)
\nDistributia \u2013 dupa ocupatie: servicii 65%; industrie 30%; agricultura 5%.
\n3. Industria
\n Una din cele mai mari si tehnologizate industrii in productia de motoare pentru autovehicule, echipament electronic, masini unelte, otelsi metale neferoase, vapoere, produse chimice, textile,etc.
\nRata cresterii industriale; 5.3%(2000)
\nProductia de energie electrica
\nTotal : 1.018 mld kWh(1999)
\nStructura sursei productiei de energie:
\n Combustibili fosili: 58,91%
\n Hidro : 8,35%
\n Nuclear: 30,31%
\n Termal: 0,2%
\n Neconventional: 2,23%C
\nConsumul de electricitate: 947.038 kWh<\/p>\n

4. Agricultura
\nUtilizarea terenurilor in Japonia:
\nTeren arabil: 11% din care:
\nRecolte permanente : 1%
\nPasuni : 2%
\nPaduri : 67%
\nAlte destinatii : 19%
\nTotal terenuri irigate: 27.820 km\u00b2
\nAgricultura produce: Orez, zahar, legume, fructe, carne de porc si pui, oua, lactate, peste.<\/p>\n

5. Comertul International:
\nExporturile
\nTotal : 450 mld $(f.o.b. , 2000)
\nPrincipalele exporturi: motoare de autovehicole, semiconductoare, aparatura de birou, chimicale.
\nPrincipalii Parteneri : SUA 35%; Taiwan 7%; Coreea de Sud 6,4%; China 6,2%;Hong Kong 5,6%(2000)
\nImporturile:
\nTotal : 355 mld $ ( c.i.f. , 2000)
\nPrincipalele importuri: combustubili, produse alimentare, chimice, textile, aparatura de birou.
\nPrincipalii parteneri : SUA 19%; China 14,5%; Coreea de Sud 5,4%; Taiwan 4,8%; Indonezia 4,3%; Australia 3,9 (2000)<\/p>\n

6. Moneda:
\nyen
\nCod moneda ; \u201c JPY\u201d
\nRate de schimb: yen\/$ : 117,10 Ianuarie 2001;
\n 107,77 (2000);
\n113,91 (1999);
\n130,91 (1998);
\n120,99 (1997);
\n108,78 (1996).
\nAnul Fiscal : Dureaza de la 1 Aprilie pina la 31 Martie.<\/p>\n

7. Transporturile:<\/p>\n

Cai Ferate: Total : 23.654 km din care 15.895 km electrificata
\n Exista linii standard si inguste.
\nAuto: Total : 1.152.207.km
\n Pavat: 863.003 km (incluzind 6.114 km Autostrazi)
\n Nepavat: 289.204 km (1997)
\nApa : Exista 1770 km de curse regulate acoperind transportul costier.
\nConducte: pentru petrol 84 km; produse petroliere 322 km; gaze naturale
\n1.800 km.
\nPorturi: Akita, Amagasaki, Chiba, Hachinohe, Hakodate, Higashi-Harima,
\nHimeji, Hiroshima, Kawasaki, Kinuura, Kobe, Kushiro, Mizushima, Moji, Nagoya, Osaka, Sakai, Sakaide, Shimizu, Tokyo, Tomakomai.
\nNave: japonia detine un numar de 630 de nave insumind
\n11.691.174GRT\/15.484.848 DWT.
\nAeroporturi: 173 (2000) din care 142 pavate :
\n Cu piste de : 3.047m\u2026\u2026..8
\n : 2.438 m\u2026\u2026..36
\n : 1524 m\u2026\u2026\u202638
\n : 914 m\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202630
\n : sub 914 m \u2026\u2026..30
\n si cu piste nepavate: 31
\nHeliporturi : 16 ( 2000) .
\nJaponia detine unul din cele mai rapide trenuri din lume \u201c Shinkansin\u201d, iar pentru constructia unui aeroport nu au ezitat sa construiasca o insula artificiala.<\/p>\n

8. Sistemul de comunicatii:<\/p>\n

Sistemul telefonic japonez ofera servicii excelente, avind un inalt grad de tehnologizare. Pentru conexii internationale Japonia dispune de sateliti : 5 Intelsat , 1 Intersputnik si 1Inmarsat; legaturi prin cabluri submarine: cu China, Filipine, Rusia si SUA (1999).
\nPosturi telefonice fixe: 60,381 mil.
\nPosturi telefonie mobila: 63,88 mil.
\nRadio: emite in undele : AM 190; FM 88; unde scurte 24 (1999).
\n Total bucati: 120,5 mil.
\nTeleviziune: Posturi; 7.108( plus 441 retransmitatori; Trupele SUA stationate sint deservite de 3 posturi TV si 2 Provideri de servicii pe cablu).
\n Total receptoare: 86,5 mil.
\nInternet: Codul tarii \u201c . jp \u201c
\n Servicii : 73
\n Total utilizatori: 27,06 mil.<\/p>\n

<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Japona este un stat capitalist cu caracteristici unice, cooperarea dintre guvern si industrie, prezenta tehnologiilor inalte, cultul muncii, precum si alocarea unei foarte mici parti din Buget pentru aparare (1% din PNB) au ajutat-o sa avanseze extraordinar de repede la pozitia de a doua mare putere tehnologica si economica a lumii, si a treia ca […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nScurta privire asupra caracteristicilor economiei Japoneze. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Scurta privire asupra caracteristicilor economiei Japoneze. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Japona este un stat capitalist cu caracteristici unice, cooperarea dintre guvern si industrie, prezenta tehnologiilor inalte, cultul muncii, precum si alocarea unei foarte mici parti din Buget pentru aparare (1% din PNB) au ajutat-o sa avanseze extraordinar de repede la pozitia de a doua mare putere tehnologica si economica a lumii, si a treia ca […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2011-05-10T11:09:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-09-25T09:35:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"eurointern\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"eurointern\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/\",\"name\":\"Scurta privire asupra caracteristicilor economiei Japoneze. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2011-05-10T11:09:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-09-25T09:35:50+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/2bf02c24278f4ce807817c8f91add34d\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Scurta privire asupra caracteristicilor economiei Japoneze.\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/\",\"name\":\"Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\",\"description\":\"Internships\/ Scholarships\/ Grants\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/2bf02c24278f4ce807817c8f91add34d\",\"name\":\"eurointern\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4ba0ee69eda3e0c9ec9a3c49a6c7a82b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4ba0ee69eda3e0c9ec9a3c49a6c7a82b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"eurointern\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/rubyskynews.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/author\/eurointern28gmail-com\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Scurta privire asupra caracteristicilor economiei Japoneze. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Scurta privire asupra caracteristicilor economiei Japoneze. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/","og_description":"Japona este un stat capitalist cu caracteristici unice, cooperarea dintre guvern si industrie, prezenta tehnologiilor inalte, cultul muncii, precum si alocarea unei foarte mici parti din Buget pentru aparare (1% din PNB) au ajutat-o sa avanseze extraordinar de repede la pozitia de a doua mare putere tehnologica si economica a lumii, si a treia ca […]","og_url":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/","og_site_name":"Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/","article_published_time":"2011-05-10T11:09:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2020-09-25T09:35:50+00:00","author":"eurointern","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"eurointern","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/","url":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/","name":"Scurta privire asupra caracteristicilor economiei Japoneze. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2011-05-10T11:09:00+00:00","dateModified":"2020-09-25T09:35:50+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/2bf02c24278f4ce807817c8f91add34d"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/10\/scurta-privire-asupra-caracteristicilor-2\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Scurta privire asupra caracteristicilor economiei Japoneze."}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/","name":"Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/","description":"Internships\/ Scholarships\/ Grants","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/2bf02c24278f4ce807817c8f91add34d","name":"eurointern","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4ba0ee69eda3e0c9ec9a3c49a6c7a82b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4ba0ee69eda3e0c9ec9a3c49a6c7a82b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"eurointern"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/rubyskynews.com"],"url":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/author\/eurointern28gmail-com\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25109"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25109"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25109\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25109"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25109"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25109"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}