{"id":10854,"date":"2018-02-19T03:43:00","date_gmt":"2018-02-19T03:43:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-25T02:27:16","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T02:27:16","slug":"problema-celui-de-al-doilea-front","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2018\/02\/19\/problema-celui-de-al-doilea-front\/","title":{"rendered":"Problema celui de-al doilea front: Opera\u0163ia Owerlord."},"content":{"rendered":"
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Dup\u0103 ce Germania <\/span>a invadat Uniunea Sovietic\u0103<\/span>, <\/span>Armata Ro\u015fie<\/span> a suportat greul luptelor \u00eempotriva <\/span>Puterilor Axei<\/span> pe frontul continental <\/span>european<\/span>. \u00centr-o declara\u0163ie comun\u0103 cu <\/span>Stalin<\/span>, <\/span>pre\u015fedintele SUA<\/span> <\/span>Franklin D. Roosevelt<\/span> \u015fi <\/span>premierul britanic<\/span> <\/span>Winston Churchill<\/span> au anun\u0163at c\u0103 s-a ajuns la un \u201econsens deplin\u201d \u00een ceea ce prive\u015fte nevoia urgent\u0103 de creare a unui al doilea front \u00een Europa \u00een 1942. Churchill i-a informat \u00een mod neoficial pe sovietici printr-un memorandum \u00eenm\u00e2nat lui <\/span>Viaceslav Molotov<\/span> c\u0103 resursele necesare pentru invazie sunt insuficiente pentru declan\u015farea unei opera\u0163iuni de amploare \u00een cursul anului 1942. <\/span>[6]<\/span><\/sup> Anun\u0163ul a avut efect, <\/span>Hitler<\/span> ordon\u00e2nd \u00eenceperea de preg\u0103tiri pentru fortificarea coastei vestice a Atlanticului, \u00een vederea respingerii unei invazii aliate. Liderii britanici, \u00een frunte cu premierul Churchill, doreau s\u0103 evite atacurile frontale specifice <\/span>primului r\u0103zboi mondial<\/span>, care provocaser\u0103 uria\u015fe pierderi umane. \u00cen schimb, Churchill \u015fi \u015fefii militarei britanici sprijineau atacurile comandourilor <\/span>Direc\u0163iei Opera\u0163iunilor Speciale<\/span> \u015fi ale <\/span>ac\u0163iunile mi\u015fc\u0103rilor na\u0163ionale de rezisten\u0163\u0103<\/span>, \u00een timp ce principalul<\/a> efort de r\u0103zboi al <\/span>Alia\u0163ilor occidentali<\/span> ar fi trebuit s\u0103 fie f\u0103cut \u00een <\/span>Marea Mediteran\u0103<\/span> \u015fi <\/span>Italia<\/span>, (care era considerat aliatul slab al Axei), \u0163intind <\/span>Austria<\/span> \u015fi, mai departe, centrul Germaniei. O asemenea abordare a problemei oferea avantajul cre\u0103rii unei bariere, care ar fi limitat \u00eenaintarea sovietic\u0103 \u00een Europa. \u00cen schimb, americanii considerau c\u0103 o abordare mult mai pragmatic\u0103 era un atac pe calea cea mai scurt\u0103 dintre Germania \u015fi principalele baze aliate din Regatul Unit. Americanii \u015fi-au sprijinit cu foarte mare hot\u0103r\u00e2re punctul de vedere \u015fi au l\u0103sat foarte clar s\u0103 se \u00een\u0163eleag\u0103 c\u0103 solu\u0163ia debarc\u0103rii pe coasta Atlanticului este singura pe care o vor spirjini. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1944, au mai existat dou\u0103 porpuneri de ac\u0163iune, \u201eOpera\u0163iunea Sledgehammer (Barosul)\u201d \u00een 1942 \u015fi \u201eOpera\u0163iunea Roundup (Atacul prin surprindere)\u201d \u00een 1943. Ultimul plan a fost adoptat \u015fi dezvoltat sub numele de \u201e<\/span>Overlord (Suzeranul)<\/span>\u201d, dar declan\u015farea lui a fost am\u00e2nat\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1944. B\u0103t\u0103lia pentru Normandia<\/b> a fost purtat\u0103 \u00een 1944 \u00eentre <\/span>for\u0163ele germane<\/span> \u015fi <\/span>for\u0163ele Alia\u0163ilor<\/span> ca parte a celui de-<\/span>al doilea r\u0103zboi mondial<\/span>. <\/span>Numele de cod<\/span> al invaziei aliate a fost <\/span>Opera\u0163iunea Overlord<\/span><\/b> \u015fi s-a desf\u0103\u015furat \u00eentre <\/span>6 iunie<\/span> \u2013 <\/span>19 august<\/span> <\/span>1944<\/span>, c\u00e2nd Alia\u0163ii au traversat <\/span>Sena<\/span>, sau, dup\u0103 al\u0163i autori, <\/span>25 august<\/span>, c\u00e2nd a fost <\/span>eliberat Parisul<\/span>. Debarcarea din Normandia r\u0103m\u00e2ne p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een zilele noastre cea mai mare opera\u0163iune amfibie din istorie, care a implicat participarea a aproape trei milioane de solda\u0163i, care au traversat <\/span>Canalul M\u00e2necii<\/span> din <\/span>Anglia<\/span> \u00een <\/span>Normandia<\/span>. Faza ini\u0163ial\u0103 a Opera\u0163iunii Overlord<\/i> a purtat numele de cod <\/span>Opera\u0163iunea Neptune<\/span><\/b>. \u00cen faza ini\u0163ial\u0103 a invaziei, alia\u0163ii au trebuit s\u0103 pun\u0103 ferm piciorul pe continent, obiectiv \u00eendeplinit \u00eentre <\/span>6<\/span> \u2013 <\/span>30 iunie<\/span>. Primele for\u0163e aliate care au intrat \u00een lupt\u0103 \u00een Normandia au fost din <\/span>Canada<\/span>, <\/span>Regatul Unit<\/span> \u015fi <\/span>Statele Unite<\/span>. Dup\u0103 primul val de invazie, au fost debarcate for\u0163e substan\u0163iale ale <\/span>Fran\u0163ei Libere<\/span> \u015fi <\/span>Poloniei<\/span> plus contingente mai mici din <\/span>Belgia<\/span>, <\/span>Cehoslovacia<\/span>, <\/span>Grecia<\/span>, <\/span>Olanda<\/span> \u015fi <\/span>Norvegia<\/span>.<\/span> Invazia din Normandia a \u00eenceput cu ac\u0163iunile aeropurtate ale <\/span>trupelor de para\u015futi\u015fti<\/span> \u015fi ale <\/span>infanteriei<\/span> transportate cu <\/span>planoare<\/span> \u015fi cu atacuri masive ale avia\u0163iei, artileriei navale, din noaptea de 5\/6 iunie. \u00cen diminea\u0163a zilei de <\/span>6 iunie<\/span> a fost declan\u015fat\u0103 ac\u0163iunea amfibie de debarcare pe plajele Normandiei. For\u0163ele destinate ac\u0163iunii au \u00eenceput deplasarea \u00een <\/span>Ziua Z<\/span> din porturile de pe coastele sudice ale Angliei, cel mai important dintre ele fiind <\/span>Portsmouth<\/span>. B\u0103t\u0103lia din Normandia a continuat pentru mai mult de dou\u0103 luni, trec\u00e2nd prin fazele de stabilire, extindere a <\/span>capetelor de pod<\/span> \u015fi mai apoi de eliberare a teritoriului Normandiei. Aceste ac\u0163iuni au dus la \u00eenchiderea <\/span>pungii de la Falaise<\/span> \u015fi la <\/span>eliberarea Parisului<\/span> la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul luni august 1944.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Dup\u0103 ce Germania a invadat Uniunea Sovietic\u0103, Armata Ro\u015fie a suportat greul luptelor \u00eempotriva Puterilor Axei pe frontul continental european. \u00centr-o declara\u0163ie comun\u0103 cu Stalin, pre\u015fedintele SUA Franklin D. Roosevelt \u015fi premierul britanic Winston Churchill au anun\u0163at c\u0103 s-a ajuns la un \u201econsens deplin\u201d \u00een ceea ce prive\u015fte nevoia urgent\u0103 de creare a unui al doilea front \u00een Europa \u00een 1942. Churchill i-a informat \u00een mod neoficial pe […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nProblema celui de-al doilea front: Opera\u0163ia Owerlord. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rubyskynews.com\/index.php\/2018\/02\/19\/problema-celui-de-al-doilea-front\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problema celui de-al doilea front: Opera\u0163ia Owerlord. - Jobs\/ Internships\/ Scholarships\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dup\u0103 ce Germania a invadat Uniunea Sovietic\u0103, Armata Ro\u015fie a suportat greul luptelor \u00eempotriva Puterilor Axei pe frontul continental european. \u00centr-o declara\u0163ie comun\u0103 cu Stalin, pre\u015fedintele SUA Franklin D. 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